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5.
What are the advantages of using an ethical theory in which all humans are treated
equally and guidelines are developed through a process of logical reasoning?
6.
Two people are debating the morality of a particular action. Person A explains why he
believes the action is wrong. Person B disagrees with person A. Her response to him is,
“That's your opinion.” Person B has not made a strong ethical argument. Why not?
7.
What do we mean when we say an ethical theory is rational?
8.
What is the many/any fallacy? Invent your own example of this fallacy.
9.
What is the equivalence fallacy? Invent your own example of this fallacy.
10.
Come up with your own example of a moral rule that would violate the Categorical
Imperative.
11.
What is plagiarism? Describe four different ways that a person can commit plagiarism.
(See Appendix A.)
12.
What is the difference between plagiarism and misuse of sources?
13.
What is the difference between a consequentialist theory and a nonconsequentialist
theory?
14.
Give three examples of a situation in which your action would be primarily motivated
by a sense of duty or obligation. Give three examples of a situation in which your action
would be primarily motivated by its expected consequences.
15.
What is the problem of moral luck?
16.
Why do businesses and governments often use utilitarian thinking to determine the
proper course of action?
17.
What is the difference principle?
18.
Is social contract theory as first presented a consequentialist theory or a nonconsequen-
tialist theory? Is social contract theory as articulated in Rawls's two principles of justice
a consequentialist theory or a nonconsequentialist theory?
19.
Describe virtue ethics in your own words.
20.
Come up with a list of 20 virtues not mentioned in Section 2.10.
21.
Describe similarities and differences between subjective relativism and ethical egoism.
22.
Describe similarities and differences between divine command theory and Kantianism.
23.
Describe similarities and differences between subjective relativism and act utilitar-
ianism.
24.
Describe similarities and differences between Kantianism and rule utilitarianism.
25.
Describe similarities and differences between act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism.
26.
Describe similarities and differences between cultural relativism and social contract
theory.
27.
Describe similarities and differences between Kantianism and social contract theory.
28.
Describe similarities and differences between cultural relativism and virtue ethics.
29.
Evaluate the four scenarios presented in Section 2.1.2 from a Kantian perspective.
