Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
the whole framework upon which planning has been predicated has, for
the most part, tended to neglect recreation. By largely basing development
plans on land use zoning, it has tended to subjugate multiple uses in
favour of primary ones…. This means that
Table 9.1:
Approaches to planning for leisure
Approach
Content
Standards Planning based on per capita specifications of levels of provision laid
down by some authoritative body. Usually based on demand estimates.
Gross demand Estimation of broad demand levels based on existing national or
regional participation surveys. This is the most basic of demand
estimation approaches but can be varied to consider local socio-
demographic conditions.
Spatial approaches Localised demand estimation incorporating consideration of facility
catchment areas. This extends the gross demand approach when
considering the question of facility location.
Hierarchies of
facilities
Recognises that different types and scales of facility have different
catchment areas. Especially relevant for planning new communities and
for facilities involving spectator audiences.
Grid or matrix
approach
Examines impacts of all of an authority's leisure services on all social
groups via impact evaluation.
Organic approach Strategy development based on assessment of existing service provision
and spatial gaps in demand. It is incremental rather than comprehensive
and is common within the private sector.
Community
development
approach
Planning and policy development based on community consultation
Issues approach Plans based on initial identification of 'key issues' rather than
comprehensive needs/ demand assessment. Corresponds to SWOT
(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis. Most common
for ad-hoc, one-off projects.
Sources: based on Veal (1994:92-3, in G.M.Robinson 1999:260)
