Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 3-4. Mounting of an AFM-secured spherical probe to an instrumented indenter,
leveraging the size and chemical functionalization potential of the AFM cantilever while
maintaining the mechanical feedback loop control of the instrumented indenter. 9
3.2 . Adapations required of environmental control
As AFMs have been operated in aqueous environments for as long
as instrumented indentation has existed, many adaptations required
of environmental control for AFM-enabled indentation of biological
materials are standard components of these microscopes.
3.2.1. Temperature and associated thermal drift
Although typically operated at room temperature, several different
resistive heating element stages are compatible with commercial AFMs
to enable imaging and indentation at 37°C or higher temperatures.
Regardless of the desired imaging temperature, it is important to
allow the system to stabilize before acquiring data. For example, if
experiments are planned for a hydrated biological tissue in 150 mM
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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