Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
(b)
(c)
Figure 12.4.
(b) Cupolakarst (mogotes) in Puerto Rico (W.H. Monroe). (c) Swamp slot in limestone at Ipoh,
West Malaysia.
tectonic stress, such as A-tents, for tectonism, like the regolith and groundwaters, is ubiquitous,
though more prevalent in some areas than others. But it is not surprising that A-tents have been
reported developed not only in granite but also in similarly brittle materials like crystalline lime-
stone and well cemented (quartzitic) sandstone, and they have been reported in sandstone from
Wyoming, in limestone from the Coolamon Plain, New South Wales, and in marble at Wombeyan
Caves, also in New South Wales. Likewise, dislodged blocks are found in sandstone as in the
Roraima Plateau, Venezuela, and dislodged or collapsed columns are found in the Gawler Ranges
in dacitic welded tuffs.
Flared slopes are found well-developed not only on granite but also on sandstone and con-
glomerate, for example at Ayers Rock and the Olgas, in the English Pennines and in the
Drakensberg of southern Africa (Figs 12.9a and b). They occur in trachyte at Hanging Rock,
