Orchestrating Learning in a One-to-One Technology Classroom - New Science of Learning - page 437

Chapter 22
Orchestrating Learning in a One-to-One
Technology Classroom

Jitti Niramitranon, Mike Sharples, and Chris Greenhalgh

Learning Sciences Research Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England,
e-mail: [e-mail]

Introduction

Researchers in the field of technology enhanced learning have developed a number
of approaches in using personal, portable, wirelessly-networked technologies to
enhance teaching and learning both inside and outside the classroom (Sharples,
2000). The low cost and ease of integration into everyday classroom routines make
mobile devices attractive for school learning (Chan et al., 2006). The educational
potential of a one-to-one classroom where each child has access to a personal com-
puter has prompted researchers to investigate effective strategies and scenarios for
learning mediated by the technology. For example, classroom response systems such
as EduClick, ClassTalk, and Clicker can aggregate anonymous responses from stu-
dents (e.g., to choose a correct answer in a multiple choice question) and to display
the results on a shared screen in front of the class (Liu, Liang, Wang, Chan, & Wei,
2003; Lowery, 2005). Subject-specific software applications running on handheld
devices have been shown to be effective in supporting children to learn mathematics
in classrooms (Roschelle, Rafanan, Estrella, Nussbaum, & Claro, 2009).
Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL), built on a foundation of
learners collectively forming a meaningful context to purposefully seek and con-
struct knowledge (Koschmann, 1996), is another field of research that can be applied
to a face-to-face classroom mediated by mobile technologies. Research in this area
aims to design and develop software for mobile devices to support collaborative
activities amongst students for individual, small group, and whole class learning
(Roschelle & Pea, 2002; Zurita, Nussbaum, & Shaples, 2003; Pinkwart, Hoppe,
Milrad, & Perez, 2003). CSCL scripts such as ArgueGraph, MURDER, and Social
script can structure and orchestrate effective learning collaborations (Kobbe et al.,
2007).