Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Globe
Financial support system
Nation
Data processing
Carbon credit
programme
Region
Financial
and technical
support
Data processing
Mangement
decisions
Benefits of soil C
Farm
Soil C monitoring
Land-use management
Fig. 4.3. Soil carbon accumulation mechanisms from farm to global level.
Table 4.3. Examples of innovations to be applied across spatial scales and the associated challenges.
Scale
Innovations
Challenges
Farm
Virtualized environmental services
Farmer-specific application
Site-specific management
Low-cost sensors
Local demonstration
Access to data
Data availability
Technical barriers
Financial access
Innovators/early adopters
Catchment
region
Stakeholder accessible remote and proximal
sensing monitoring
Decision support system (DSS) for integrated
watershed management
Stakeholder networking
Virtual technical training
New curricula for technicians
Soil carbon conservation programmes
Payments for soil carbon services (PSOCS)
Access to data
Mobilizing stakeholders
Financial incentives/support
Capacity building
Online open access teaching facilities
Network and facilities for recycling crop
residues on soil
Pressure on arable land resource
Nations
Economic incentives
New legal frameworks (regulating soil
protection)
Carbon offset markets
Supporting new research (agroecology,
biotechnology)
Monetarization of soil carbon benefits
Unfavourable macroeconomic conditions
High administrative costs
Weak governance (lack of organization,
corruption)
Monitoring cost
Tradition
Supranational
Global
International organizations
Regulatory framework
Trade agreements
Knowledge networks
Power structures
Geopolitical interests
The socio-economic costs of restoring
soil carbon require increased awareness of
degradation processes, as well as increasing
investment. Monitoring of SOC stocks is
needed to track maintenance and enhance-
ment, but also degradation ( Table 4.3 ).
Hence, the innovation needed for im-
proved soil carbon management implies
bringing the farm to the global and the glo-
bal to the farm level in a synergetic way,
across scales. Examples of instruments that
aim to operate in such a way include the
 
 
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