Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 24.1.
Assessment of socio-economic and environmental benefits, greenhouse gas mitigation and adaptation to climate change for different cropping and
grazing management systems. Conventional and degrading land management practices are indicated in grey.
Yield/
productivity
Greenhouse
gas mitigation
Adaptation to climate
change
Activity
Practice
Socio-economic benefits
Environmental impacts
Tillage
Conventional tillage
Variable
Weed control; reduces
compaction
-
Reduced weed pressure
Conservation tillage
Variable
Reduced machinery, energy, labour
requirements
Soil fertility; increased
ground cover; reduced
erosion; +H
2
O balance
+
Drought resilience;
dependable soil fertility;
reduced external inputs
No-tillage
Cropping
system
Continuous cropping
+
Food security
Increased disease
susceptibility
-
Cover crops/green
manuring/catch
crops
+
Food security; forage crop;
increased land-use efficiency;
higher returns; low-tech, low-cost
nitrogen inputs, reduced mineral
nitrogen requirement; weed
control
Nitrogen fixation; increased
soil fertility; reduced
erosion; reduced crop
disease incidence;
enhanced H
2
O balance;
pest/disease control
+
Drought resilience; more
dependable soil fertility
Frequent fallow
-
Enhanced reliability of soil
moisture
Increased erosion;
decreased H
2
O efficiency
-
Some drought resilience
Reduced bare fallow
frequency
+
Food security; crop diversification
Soil fertility; reduced
erosion; enhanced H
2
O
use efficiency
+
Enhanced income,
product diversification
Mulching/residue
management
Food security; low-tech, low-cost
soil enhancement; enhanced net
income
Drought resilience
Fertilizer/soil
amendment
Conventional
fertilizers
+
Food security; enhances fertility of
poor land/soils
Nitrogen leaching, runoff;
energy use
-
Efficient fertilizer use
+
Food security; reduced fertilizer
expenses
Reduced nitrogen runoff
+
Dependable fertility;
reduced dependence
on external inputs;
drought resilience
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