Soil as a Support of Biodiversity and Functions - Soil Carbon: Science, Management and Policy for Multiple Benefits - page 144

First symposium of
microbial ecology

First manual of
microbial ecology
Brock

First scientific journals
Applied and Environmental
Microbiology and
Microbial Ecology

'omic era'

1 st ISME

Time

Nowadays

1957 1966 1970 1974- 76 1980 1990 1998

Integration level of studies in microbial ecology

Individual level
(monoxenic culture)

Population level

Community level

Link between genetic and functional diversity

Methodological developments

Development of culture media for isolating microbial organisms

Mass
spectrometry

Bio
informatic

2- D gel
electrophoresis

PCR Genomic

Development of molecular
biology and biochemistry

DNA-SIP

Metagenomic

Development of methodologies to extract, amplify,
clone and sequence DNA from microbial communities

Metatranscriptomic

Development of methodologies to extract, amplify
and sequence RNA from microbial communities

Metaproteomic

Development of methodologies to extract and
characterize proteins from microbial communities

Fig. 11.1. Historical and step-by-step evolution of microbial ecology. (From Maron et al ., 2007.)