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I x+
OTA
X+
n
X 2
CCII+
g m
Z 2
Y 1
CCII+
X 1
I x-
Y 2
X-
Z 1
z
p
Fig. 11.9 CDBA implementation using CCIIs and OTA [ 41 ]
a
+V CC
Q 17 Q 18
Q 14
Q 19 Q 24
Q 25
Q 15 Q 16
Q 4
x
Q 20
Q 5
Q 6
Q 23
n
p
z
I B
Q 22
Q 1
Q 21
Q 2
Q 3
Q 7
Q 10
Q 11 Q 12
I C
Q 13
Q 8
Q 9
−V EE
b
I B
I C
I 0
I A
x
n
CCCDTA
p
z
Fig. 11.10 Current controlled current differencing transconductance amplifier (a) CMOS
CC-CDTA architecture (b) A CC-CDTA configured as a multiplier/divider (Adapted from [ 42 ]
© 2008 Elsevier)
capacitors thereby making it highly suitable for integrated circuit implementation.
This circuit can, thus, be seen to be a minimum-component biquad exhibiting these
properties.
The output current of this circuit is given by
I in 3 s 2 C 1 C 2 R x þ
I in 1 sC 2 þ
g m I in 2
ð
sC 2 þ
g m
Þ
I o ¼
ð
11
8
Þ
:
s 2 C 1 C 2 R x þ
sC 2 þ
g m
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