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b
a
z
1
z
2
z
1
z
2
x
x
2
1
y
1
y
2
y
1
y
2
Z
L
Z
L
1
2
c
d
y
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
z
1
y
1
y
1
y
1
2
2
1
1
y
2
y
2
z
2
z
2
y
2
z
2
y
2
z
2
x
x
x
x
Z
1
Z
2
Z
1
Z
2
e
I
0
z
1
y
1
y
2
V
in
I
0
z
2
x
M
1
V
C
Fig. 10.10
Some applications, as demonstrated by Elwan and Soliman in [
17
], where DVCCIIs
are particularly attractive (
a
) grounded to floating positive impedance converter (
b
) grounded to
floating negative impedance converter (
c
) floating generalized negative impedance converter (
d
)
floating generalized positive impedance inverter/gyrator (e) MOS transconductor
requiring any resistors. They were also the first to present CMOS implementations
of the ICCII elements.
The pathological models of ICCII in terms of the pathological elements,
nullator, norator, current mirror and voltage mirrors together with their relationship
with CCII has been dealt in [
27
] while a number of CMOS implementations of the
ICCII have been presented in [
28
,
29
]. Novel generations of ICCs have been
discussed in [
30
].
In [
26
] Awad and Soliman presented two different CMOS realization of the
ICCII based upon the employment of two single input single output CMOS
transconductors and one single input dual output CMOS transconductor as per the
schematic of Fig.
10.11a
which is shown in Fig.
10.11b
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