Hardware Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 10.1 Filanovsky and
Stromsmoe implementation
of the CVC [ 1 ]
z
R 1
G
R 2
x
y
+
G
1
w
R 3
R 4
simulation network (i.e. a one-port having Y 11 ¼
y(s)) can be used to realize the
same type of immittance function in floating form (i.e., a two-port characterized by
y 11 ¼
y 12 ¼
y 21 ¼
y 22 ¼
k y(s), k being a positive scaling factor) with several
advantages over previously known methods of floating immittance synthesis, as per
the schematic shown in Fig. 10.3 , where the network N 1 represents a unilateral
floating impedance network characterized by y 11 ¼
y 12 ¼
y(s); y 21 ¼
y 22 ¼
0.
10.2.3 Operational Floating Conveyor
The operational floating Conveyor (OFC) was introduced by Toumazou et al. [ 5 ]in
1991. It is a four-port active building block characterized by the following hybrid
matrix:
2
4
3
5 ¼
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
v x
i y
v w
i z
0100
0000
Z t 000
00
i x
v y
i w
v z
ð
10
:
3
Þ
10
The output voltage at port-w is obtained by multiplying the current at the x-port by
the trans-impedance Z t , the voltage at port-x follows the voltage at port-y which has
infinite input impedance so that the current i y ¼
0 and finally, the current flowing
into port-w is conveyed to port-z. An exemplary translinear implementation of the
OFC is shown in Fig. 10.4 . In this circuit diagram, as well as elsewhere subse-
quently, the various current mirrors and current repeaters are shown by their
standard symbolic notations consisting of two or more circles touching each other
with connection to positive/negative power supply rail(s), with input terminal
shown with an arrow mark and the terminal(s) without arrow mark being the output
terminal(s).
 
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