Hardware Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 10.1
Filanovsky and
Stromsmoe implementation
of the CVC [
1
]
z
R
1
G
R
2
x
y
+
−
G
1
w
R
3
R
4
simulation network (i.e. a one-port having Y
11
¼
y(s)) can be used to realize the
same type of immittance function in floating form (i.e., a two-port characterized by
y
11
¼
y
12
¼
y
21
¼
y
22
¼
k y(s), k being a positive scaling factor) with several
advantages over previously known methods of floating immittance synthesis, as per
the schematic shown in Fig.
10.3
, where the network N
1
represents a unilateral
floating impedance network characterized by y
11
¼
y
12
¼
y(s); y
21
¼
y
22
¼
0.
10.2.3 Operational Floating Conveyor
The operational floating Conveyor (OFC) was introduced by Toumazou et al. [
5
]in
1991. It is a four-port active building block characterized by the following hybrid
matrix:
2
4
3
5
¼
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
v
x
i
y
v
w
i
z
0100
0000
Z
t
000
00
i
x
v
y
i
w
v
z
ð
10
:
3
Þ
10
The output voltage at port-w is obtained by multiplying the current at the x-port by
the trans-impedance Z
t
, the voltage at port-x follows the voltage at port-y which has
infinite input impedance so that the current i
y
¼
0 and finally, the current flowing
into port-w is conveyed to port-z. An exemplary translinear implementation of the
OFC is shown in Fig.
10.4
. In this circuit diagram, as well as elsewhere subse-
quently, the various current mirrors and current repeaters are shown by their
standard symbolic notations consisting of two or more circles touching each other
with connection to positive/negative power supply rail(s), with input terminal
shown with an arrow mark and the terminal(s) without arrow mark being the output
terminal(s).
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