Second Generation Controlled Current Conveyors (CCCII) and Their Applications - Current Conveyors: Variants, Applications and Hardware Implementations - page 295

Fig. 9.52 A CM square
rooter [ 49 , 50 ]

I 01

I in

I out

Y Z−

CCCII 1

Z+

X

I 02

X

R eq

Z CCCII 2

Y

Fig. 9.53 Square rooting
circuit proposed by
Petchakit et al. (Adapted
from [ 48 ]

I 01

Y Z+ I out

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GmbH)

CCCII-1

I out

I in

Z+

X

I 02

X

Z−

CCCII-2

Y

VM circuit operated from a power supply of 2.5 V has an input range from 0 to

1.2 V, 3 dB bandwidth of 60 MHz and power consumption of 50.4 mW. On the
other hand the CM square rooter operating from

2.5 V exhibited an input range of
0-2 mA, 3 dB bandwidth of 12 MHz and power consumption of only 5.05 mW.
Another square rooting circuit was presented by Petchakit et al. [ 48 ] is shown in
Fig. 9.53 .
The analysis of this circuit shows that:

R x 2
R x 1 :

I out ¼ I in , ð 9 : 76 Þ

It follows that

p

I 01

p

I in I out ¼

I 01 I in or I out ¼ ð 9 : 77 Þ