Second Generation Controlled Current Conveyors (CCCII) and Their Applications - Current Conveyors: Variants, Applications and Hardware Implementations - page 291

CCCII

Y2

Z2+

X2

I 02 = I DC

i 1 (t)

CCCII

X1

Z1+

I out

Y1

I 01 = i 2 (t) + I DC

Fig. 9.47 A CM multiplier proposed by Abuelma ' atti and Al-Qahtani [ 46 ]

Thus, from the above equation it is seen that the circuit indeed performs the
function of four quadrant multiplication if i 1 (t) and i 2 (t) are the input signals
while for input signals i 1 (t) (or i 2 (t)) and I DC , the circuit is a divider.
Yuce in [ 47 ] demonstrated that the same function can be performed even from a
single CCCII-based circuit as shown in Fig. 9.48 .
The analysis of this circuit shows that its operation is characterized by the
following equation.

i 1 t

2 R
V T

i out ¼ ðÞ ½ i 2 t ðÞþ I DC þ i 3 t ðÞ ð 9 : 68 Þ

V T I DC i 1 t

2 R

If i 3 ( t ) is selected such that i 3 t ðÞ ¼ ðÞ , then the output is given by:

i 1 t

2 R
V T

i out ¼ ðÞ i 2 t ðÞ ð 9 : 69 Þ

From the circuits for carrying out the multiplier/divider operations, it is clear that
there is enough scope of devising newer circuits in this area there appears to be
enough scope for evolving novel circuits without requiring elaborate realization
conditions and/or restrictive conditions.