First, Second and Higher Order Filter Design Using Current Conveyors - Current Conveyors: Variants, Applications and Hardware Implementations - page 171

a

I 0

I 0

z

z

CCII+

R

CCII+

y

y x

x

R

C

C R

1

1

I in

C

I in

1

1

C

C

R

R

C

R

b

0

−20

−40

Cell 1, 3rd-order actual
Cell 2, 3rd-order actual
6th-order actual
Cell 1, 3rd-order ideal
Cell 2, 3rd-order ideal
6th-order ideal

−60

1E+3 1E+4 1E+5

Frequency (Hz)

1E+6 1E+7

c

Fig. 6.40 Third order Butterworth filters with equal valued capacitors and resistors proposed by
Kuntman et al. (Adapted from [ 35 ] © 2002 Kluwer) (a) The circuit configuration (b) The
experimental and theoretical frequency responses of third order and six order filters obtained by