Tourism's Economic Impact - Tourism: Principles, Practices, Philosophies - page 321

Users of the tourism information that is generated, the NTAs themselves, the units responsible for
preparing the national accounts, and the balance of payments, and others

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The participation and collaboration of tourism enterprises and, more speci cally, their corre-
sponding national associations

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Sources of Data Used in a TSA

Canada, as an Example

The data used in the calculation of a TSA in Canada come from a diverse number of surveys produced
by Statistics Canada. The preparation of tourism demand estimates involve several surveys that record
information on tourism consumption of Canadians traveling in and outside Canada and nonresidents
traveling to Canada:

Canadian Travel Survey

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International Travel Survey of Canadian Residents

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Canadian Resident Questionnaire for same-day automobile travel between the United States and
Canada

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United States Resident Questionnaire for same-day automobile travel between the United States
and Canada

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Government Travel Survey of U.S. visitors to Canada

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Government Travel Survey of visitors to Canada

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Much of the information for the supply-side estimates are drawn from the worksheets used in the
making of the input-output tables by industry, commodity, and employment of the System of National
Accounts. Data from reference publications, and relevant business surveys and administrative data, are
used to obtain as much detail as possible on revenues generated from the sale of tourism commodities.
In conclusion, a TSA recognizes that tourism is not an industry in the traditional sense — that is,

identi ed in the System of National Accounts because industries are classi ed according to the

goods and services they produce (e.g., forestry), while tourism is a consumption-based concept that
depends on the status of the customer. Furthermore, tourists buy many of the same products as other
consumers, including items not normally associated with tourism

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— clothes, groceries — while Cana-

dians at home buy tourism goods and services for nontourism reasons — restaurant meals, postcards,

recreational services.
The TSA brings together these diverse aspects of tourism by providing a tourism dimension to the
framework of the System of National Accounts. It makes it possible to separate and examine the
demand and supply sides of tourism within an integrated system that describes the production and
demand aspects of the whole economy.
The recognition of these factors has led to the situation where more than ten countries have a TSA
and more than 30 are in the process of developing a TSA. These include Austria, Canada, Chile, the
Dominican Republic, France, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Sweden, the United States,
Spain, and Italy.

SUMMARY

Domestic and international tourism are major economic strengths to many of the world ' s countries,
states, cities, and rural areas. Thus, those who live there are affected by the economic results of tourist
spending. This chapter explained why these resulting effects vary greatly and what brings about a large