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Industry-Residents-Visitors
Figure 1.2
The tourism
phenomenon: components of
tourism and tourism
management.
N
dryness, and wind). Finally, the third component of the natural environment is people. In the case of
people, we must distinguish between two very important categories of individuals: (1) those who
''
to the destination (its residents), and (2) those who are current or potential visitors to the
destination (the tourism market).
belong
''
The Built Environment
Another dimension of the tourism phenomenon is the
that has been created by
humans. This built environment first includes the culture of the residents of the host region. As
discussed in Chapter 10, the culture of a people re ects many dimensions of its past development and
its current way of life. Culture is a very permanent characteristic of a destination, and one that cannot
(and should not) be changed simply to enhance tourism development.
The infrastructure of a tourism destination is yet another dimension that has not been put in place
mainly to serve tourism. Such basic things as roads, sewage systems, communication networks, and
many commercial facilities (supermarkets and retail stores) have been put in place to meet the needs
of local residents. Although these components of the infrastructure can also be important to visitors,
their primary functions are related to the ongoing daily needs of residents. In contrast, a destination's
tourism superstructure includes those facilities that have been developed especially to respond to the
built environment
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