Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Infrastructure factors in supply will be determined largely by the number of guest rooms as well as
restaurants, stores, and similar installations. Infrastructure appropriate to the size of the development
is an engineering problem and is readily ascertained as the plans are developed. Transportation
equipment is generally supplied by commercial
firms as well as publicly owned or quasi-public
transportation facilities and services.
Regarding hospitality resources, the recruiting and training of staff for the various elements of
supply is a critical one. The traveler generally enjoys being served by unsophisticated local persons who
have had proper training and possess a hospitable attitude. Such persons may be recruited through
government and private employment agencies as well as through direct advertisement to the public.
Newly hired employees must be indoctrinated in the importance of tourism, how it affects their own
personal welfare as well as that of their community, the importance of proper service to the visitors,
and how their economic welfare is closely related to their performance.
Museums, art exhibits, festivals, craft shows, and similar cultural resources are usually created by
community cooperation and the willing assistance of talented people. A chamber of commerce or
tourism body is the best mechanism for organizing the creation of these hospitality resources.
Task Analysis
The procedure used in matching supply with demand is called a
task analysis
. Suggested steps are
as follows:
1.
Identi
cation of the present demand
a. By mode of transportation and by seasons of the year
b. For various forms of tourism such as activities, attendance at attractions, and similar categories
c. For special events such as conventions, celebrations, fairs
d. Group and tour visitors
e. Family and individual visitors
f. Business visitors
2.
A quantitative and qualitative inventory of the existing supply
3.
The adequacy of present supply with present demand
a. Natural resources
b. Infrastructure
c. Transportation and equipment
d. Hospitality and cultural resources
4.
Examination of present markets and the socioeconomic trends
a. Geographic market segmentation and orientation
b. Demographic market segmentation and orientation
i. Population age, sex, occupation, family life stages, income, and similar data
ii. Leisure time and work patterns
c. Psychographic market segmentation
i. Motivations, interests, hobbies, employment orientation, skills, professional interests
ii. Propensity to travel, responsiveness to advertising
5.
Forecast of tourism demand
a. Computer systems simulation method
b. Trend analysis
c. Simple regression
linear least squares
—
d. Multiple regression
linear least squares
e. Executive judgment or Delphi method
—
6.
Matching supply with anticipated demand
a. If adequate, no further action necessary
b. If inadequate, inauguration of planning and development procedures
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