Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
6.0
6.0
PVD model-spherical brine pockets
PVD model-O-needle brine pockets
PVD model-R-needle brine pockets
Linear model
PVD model-spherical brine pockets
PVD model-O-needle brine pockets
PVD model-R-needle brine pockets
Linear model
5.6
5.0
5.2
4.0
Frazil ice
Frazil ice
4.8
3.0
4.4
2.0
4.0
1. 0
3.6
3.2
0.0
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1. 0 .2
1. 4 .6
1. 8
Measured permittivity
Measured loss
6.0
6.0
PVD model-spherical brine pockets
PVD model-O-needle brine pockets
PVD model-R-needle brine pockets
Linear model
PVD model-spherical brine pockets
PVD model-O-needle brine pockets
PVD model-R-needle brine pockets
Linear model
5.6
5.0
5.2
4.0
Columnar ice
Columnar ice
4.8
3.0
4.4
2.0
4.0
1. 0
3.6
0.0
3.2
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
4.2
4.4
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1. 0 .2
1. 4 .6
1. 8
Measured permittivity
Measured loss
Figure 3.35
Measured versus computed dielectric constant (permittivity and loss) of first‐year ice in the C‐band
(for frazil and columnar types). Results from using the PVD model with three assumptions of brine pocket shape
are shown along with results from using the linear model. Oriented needle brine pockets are assumed to be
vertical (M. Shokr, unpublished data).
4.0
4.0
PVD model
-
spherical brine pockets
PVD model
-
spherical air bubbles
L
-
model (brine + air)
PVD model
-
spherical air bubbles
PVD model
-
O
-
needle air bubbles
PVD model
-
R
-
needle air bubbles
3.6
3.6
3.2
3.2
2.8
2.8
2.4
2.4
MY hummock ice
MY melt pond ice
2.0
2.0
3.4
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.6
3.8
4.0
2.0
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
2.2
2.4
3.6
3.8
4.0
Measured loss
Measured permittivity
Figure 3.36
Measured versus computed dielectric constant of multiyear ice in the C‐band. Results from using the
PVD model with three assumptions of air bubble shape for hummock ice and two assumptions (spherical brine
pockets or air bubble) for melt pond ice. Results from the linear are also shown for melt pond ice.
