MRI with Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticles - Nanotechnology for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics - page 222

taBle 8.1 description of approved Gadolinium-based contrast agents

plasma relaxivity
(mM −1 s −1 ) at
1.5 T, 37°C a

Formal
charge Chemical name Trade name use

Gd-dTpA Magnevist 4.1 2 − eCF

Gd-dTpA-BMA Omniscan 4.3 0 eCF

Gd-dTpA-BMeA OptiMARK 4.7 0 eCF

Gd-dOTA dotarem 3.6 1 − eCF

Gd-HpdO3A proHance 4.1 0 eCF

Gd-dO3A-butrol Gadovist 5.2 0 eCF

Gd-eOB-dTpA eovist (united states),

primovist (eu)

6.9 2 − eCF + liver

Gd-BOpTA MultiHance 6.3 2 − eCF + liver

Ms-325
(gadofosveset)

Ablavar (united states),
Vasovist (eu)

27.7 3 − Blood pool

a Values from Aime and Caravan [18].

(c1)

(a)

(c2)

(b1) (b2)

FIGuRe 8.2 examples of contrasted pictures obtained with the three classes of approved
Gd-based contrast agents (CAs). (a) MRI of the brain of a patient after an acute stroke event. The left
picture is a T 1 -weighted acquisition without CA. The right picture shows a cerebral hemorrhage after
administration of Gd-dTpA (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [36]. © Wolters Kluwer Health).
(b1) Visualization of a grade I hepatocellular carcinoma in the liver without CA. (b2) 20 min after
administration of Gd-eOB-dTpA, the high contrast allows a better diagnosis of the tumor (Reprinted
with permission from Ref. [37]. © Hindawi publishing Corporation). (c1) Whole-body angiography
after administration of Ms-325 produces strong contrast, particularly in the supra-aortic/thoracic
region. (c2) A zoom from the same picture into the neck region shows the occlusion of the left carotid
artery (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [38]. © Wolters Kluwer Health).