Vibrational Spectroscopy and Cancer - Vibrational Spectroscopy for Tissue Analysis - page 91

shown that significant differences between FTIR spectra of normal and
malignant colorectal tissues can be detected in vivo and in situ.
Sahu et al. carried out a study on detection of abnormal proliferation in
histologically “normal” colonic biopsies using FTIR microspectroscopy [160].
The technique was used to distinguish between normal and abnormal crypts
from colon biopsies that show normal histopathological features. The results
indicated that the spectra of abnormal crypts show deviations in the pattern
of absorbance in the mid-IR region when compared to the spectra of nor-
mal crypts. It was also possible to classify the crypts into three groups, such
as crypts having a normal absorbance pattern for all biochemical compo-
nents, crypts with abnormal absorbance pattern for some biochemical com-
ponents, and crypts with a completely abnormal absorbance pattern. It was
concluded that FTIR can be used for diagnosis of abnormal metabolism at
the molecular level of histologically completely normal-looking crypts, and
this could give rise to a reduction in false negative results during examina-
tion of biopsies using conventional methods.

Investigating Cell Lines
Some research groups have used both FTIR and Raman spectroscopic tech-
niques to analyse different types of cell lines (Table 4.13). In vitro viral car-
cinogenesis was studied by M. Huleihel. They used FTIR microscopy to
investigate spectral differences between normal and malignant fibroblasts
transformed by retrovirus infection. Significant differences were observed
between cancerous and normal cells. It was concluded that the contents of
vital cellular metabolites were significantly lower in the transformed cells
than in the normal cells. In addition, as an attempt to identify cellular

Table 4.13
Articles on Different Types of Cell Lines

Research
Method

Investigated
Tissue or Sample

Effectiveness of
the Technique

Reference
Number Research Group

Huleihel et al. FTIR Fibroblasts + 161

Mossoba et al. FTIR Bacteria + 162

Krishna et al. Raman Mixed cancer cells + 163

Kuhnert and
Thumser

Raman Human living

cells

+ 164

Naumann Raman and FTIR Microbial cells + 165

Dovbeshka et al. FTIR Tumour cells n/a 166

Chan et al. Raman Individual cells + 167

Bogomolny et al. FTIR Cells in culture + 168