Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
We now investigate the other possibilities for the location of
P .
P is located at one of the discontinuous nodes inside the element and the shape
function value at this node is zero
Since
i NOr
()
the singularity of the kernel shape function product cancels out if
Q [ approaches
P . The integral of the kernel shape function product remains regular,
but the fact, that
P is located inside the element and the integrand is discontinuous
at
P , requires a splitting of the integration region into two sub regions.
U
N
2
1
1
3
2
P i
d
d
1
2
[
1
1
[
1
1
[
1
1
Figure 12.2
P is located at local node 1 and the shape function value is zero
Integration when
The integrals of equation (12.1) have to be evaluated separately and added for the 2 sub
regions
1
1
2
d
[
2
d
[
¦
¦
e
³
e
³
'
U
N
[
U
P
,
[[ [
J
d
,
'
T
N
[ [[ [
T
P
,
J
d
(12.3)
ni
n
i
ni
n
i
d
[
d
[
r
1
r
1
1
1
The local coordinate system is changed from [ to [ for the left and the right sub
region in the following way:
 
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