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to lack of enough elicitation information in the initial phase, the valid covering
rate increases slowly. This phenomenon is more obvious when the count of node
is large.
Fig.4(b) shows the change of average reward. From this result we get following
conclusions: The profit of monitor depends on valid coverage rate. At beginning,
valid coverage rate is lower and profit rate of monitor increase slowly. Monitors
profit rate increases quickly when the valid coverage is large than threshold
value. This is because valid information causes more valid feedback. Due to
transmission control and loops avoid mechanism, profit rate of monitor increases
slowly when it approaches 1.
Fig.4(c) shows the change of communication cost when valid coverage arrives
0.9. From this result, we get two conclusions: The communication cost nonlinear
increase with the iteration times and amount of monitoring information. This is
better than IRV. After several loop iterations, CoISM slows down the increasing
speed of communication cost. This is benefited from valid coverage increasing.
5 Related Work
Most route monitoring systems adopt two category information sharing model,
which are centric model and distributed model.
In centric model, there is an information center which is in charge of collecting,
storing and querying information from all the AS. For example, IRR (Internet
Routing Registry) uses a centralizing model to store routing policy of AS. IRR
allows ISPs to publish high-level specifications of their policies, and analyze the
effects of their policies on Internet routing [11]. Some BGP routing monitor-
ing project also adapts centralize model to implement information sharing, such
as Looking Glasses [9], MyASN of RIPENCC [12] and Gradus of Renesys[13].
Centric model has some limitations. First, the cost of data storage and commu-
nication are huge. Second, the eciency of information sharing is low, because
every AS must search some information on demand from the massive database.
Last, because the information provider does not know who their information
customers are and what the purposes of them are. For protecting their security,
the accuracy of the registered data is uncertain [14].
In distributed model, ASes directly exchange and share routing validating
and monitoring information each other without a third party. Goodell et al.
provide a solution to validate BGP routes which is called IRV (inter-domain
route validation)[15]. Pei et al. provide an active query based method to vali-
date a BGP route which is called Diagnosis through Root Cause Notification,
topology Accumulation, and Query (DRAQ)[16]. Yu et al. [17] proposed a novel
distributed reputation protocol to make assure the trustworthy of BGP route.
6Conluon
How to sharing information among AS nodes is the crucial issue of cooperative
inter-domain routing monitoring. CoISM proposes a heuristic information shar-
ing method which makes using the local validity and relativity of monitoring
