Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Cl
channels seems to be of great importance. This article therefore presents all
important classes of Cl
channels with a detail of their structures, functions, and
blockers.
Keywords Chloride ion channels • Ion channels • Chloride ion channel
blockers • CLC chloride channels • Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance
regulator • CaCC channels • Ligand-gated Cl
channels • Chloride intracellular
channels • Bestrophins
Abbreviations
CaCC Ca
2+
-activated chloride Cl
channels
CFTR Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
CLCs Cl
channels
CLICs Chloride intracellular channels
CTB Cynotriphenylborate
Cyclic-AMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic-GMP Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
DIDS
4,4
0
-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2
0
-disulfonate
4,4
0
-Dinitrodisulfonic stilbene
DNDS
Epithelial Na
+
conductance
ENaC
ER
Epithelium reticulum
GABA
g
-Aminobutyric acid
GST
Glutathione S transferase
HEPES
4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
IAA
Indanylooxyacetic acid
LGICs
Ligand-gated ion channels
MOPS
3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid
NBFs
Nucleotide binding folds
ORCCs
Outward rectifying chloride channels
PTN
Picrotin
PTX
Picrotoxin
PTZ
Pentylenetetylenetetrazole
4-Acetamide-4
0
-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2
0
-disulfonate
SITS
TMs
Transmembrane domains
WT
Wild type
1
Introduction
Ion channels are the channels situated in the cell membrane that allow the ions, such
as Na
+
,K
+
,Ca
2+
,Cl
to pass from one side of the membrane to the other side. Thus,
they constitute the crucial components of the living cells and figure in a wide
