Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
50 µm
FIGURE 1.9
(
See color insert.
) New bone formation around the MBG particles after implanted into the
defects of rat femur for 8 weeks (red area: new bone; white area: MBG particles).
1.5 Conclusion
In this chapter, the recent research advances of a new class of bioactive
glasses named mesoporous bioactive glasses have been highlighted. We
summarized the preparation methods, compositions, and their mesopore
structures of different forms of MBG materials including particles, fibers,
spheres, scaffolds, and composites. The main properties of MBG, such
as drug delivery, apatite mineralization,
in vitro
cell response and
in vivo
osteogenesis, have been reviewed. From our studies, it was found that
MBGs offer a suite of features that are important for efficient drug deliv-
ery and bone regeneration. The typical features include that (1) they pos-
sess well-ordered mesoporous channel structure and controllable nanopore
size, which endows them high specific surface area and pore volume. The
improved physical properties play an important role in the enhancement of
their biological behavior; (2) they have excellent
in vitro
and
in vivo
bioactiv-
ity. Particularly, they have shown the stimulatory effect to enhance
in vivo
bone formation, compared to NBG; and (3) they are excellent carriers for the
delivery of drugs and growth factors to further improve antibacteria ability
and stimulate the growth and differentiation of tissue cells as well as bone
tissue formation.
The important issues such as
in vivo
bone formation mechanism and MBG
degradation process have to be investigated before it is ready for further
clinical trials. If we can further understand the biological activity and cor-
responding mechanism of MBG
in vivo
, it is expected that MBG will be a
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