Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
(b)
100 µm
100 µm
(c)
100 µm
FIGURE 7.6
Surface morphology of (a) porous silk, (b) MBG/silk, and (c) BG/silk scaffolds. The arrows
indicate MBG or BG particles in silk scaffolds.
Sheets and 3D scaffolds were evaluated for their ability to support growth
of BMSCs and MG-63 cells, respectively. Cells were grown in nondifferen-
tiating, osteogenic, or osteoclast-inducing conditions. Osteogenesis was
induced with either recombinant human BMP-2 or dexamethasone, and
osteoclast formation with M-CSF. BMC viability was lower at higher S-BG
content, though specific ALP/cell was significantly higher on PLGA/A2-33
composites. Composites containing S2 S-BG enhanced the calcification
of extracellular matrix by BMC, whereas incorporation of A2 S-BG in the
composites promoted osteoclast formation from BMC. MG-63 osteoblast-
like cells seeded in porous scaffolds containing S2 maintained viability and
secreted collagen and calcium throughout the scaffolds. It is suggested that
these sol-gel-derived bioactive glass-PLGA composites may prove excellent
potential orthopedic and dental biomaterials supporting bone formation
and remodeling (Pamula et al. 2011).
Jiang et al. (2010) prepared the scaffold based on agarose hydrogel or poly-
lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and 45S5 bioactive glass (BG). It was observed
that the stratified scaffold supported the region-specific coculture of chon-
drocytes and osteoblasts, which can lead to the production of three distinct
yet continuous regions of cartilage, calcified cartilage, and bonelike matrices.
Moreover, higher cell density enhanced chondrogenesis and improved graft
mechanical property over time. The PLGA-BG phase promoted chondrocyte
mineralization potential and is required for the formation of a calcified inter-
face and bone regions on the osteochondral graft (Jiang et al. 2010).
 
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