Biomimetic Preparation and Biomineralization of Bioceramics - Advanced Bioactive Inorganic Materials for Bone Regeneration and Drug Delivery - page 138

tion rate than HAp ceramic owing to the low connectivity of Si incorporated
in HAp, which facilitates the release of Si into the contact fluid.
Furthermore, it has been observed that the dissolution rate of the surface
coating is critical to the cell attachment and proliferation (Muller-Mai et
al. 1990). It is suggested that the cell attachment and cell growth could be
improved by adjusting the balance between the crystallinity and the biosolu-
bility of the Si-HA coating (Zhang et al. 2009). The synergic effect, by adding
the Sr ion into the crystal structure of CaP, has been explained by the concept
of Sr possibly increasing bone formation and reducing bone loss. Sr is known
to reduce the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts, which generally
reduces resorption of bone (Buehler et al. 2001; Bonnelye et al. 2008).
5.5 Conclusion and Comments
Biomimetic preparation and biomineralization are promising approaches of
the design and engineering of bioceramics. New structure and properties
of bioceramics will be figured out even for “old materials,” such as calcium
phosphates, calcium silicates, and bioactive glasses. Even though we already
see the bright future of this “BIO-technique,” as we understand, there are
still some aspects that need to be considered: (1) biomimetic effects of new
bioceramics, such as mechanical properties and material and tissue interac-
tion; (2) the mechanism of biomimetic preparation and biomineralization at
the nano and atomic level; (3) proper set up of in vitro and in vivo evaluation
protocols and performance of biological evaluations.
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