Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
ROLE OF ENVIRONMENT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
PLANNING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
ROLE OF ECONOMIST
ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTALIST
1950
CONVENTIONAL ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL
DEVELOPMENT
TYPES OF
DEVELOPMENT
AS PRACTICED BY
ECONOMIST, 1950-1990
AS PROPOSED BY
ECOLOGIST SINCE
STOCKHOLM/72
1960
STRATEGIES
EMPHASIS ON SHORT-TERM
ECONOMIC GAINS, WITH
LITTLE ATTENTION TO
ENVIRONMENT
(ADVERSE EFFECTS OFTEN
CALLED EXTERNALITIES)
CONCERNED MOSTLY WITH
ECOLOGY WITH LITTLE
CONSIDERATION OF
ECONOMICS
AND SOCIAL POOR
1970
1980
NON-SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
WITH UNACCEPTABLE
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE
UNREALISTIC/
UNAFFORDABLE/
COUNTERPRODUCTIVE
PROJECT
RESULTS
TRANSITION
1990
ECONOMIC-CUM-ENVIRONMENTAL
(E-c-E)
DEVELOPMENT
PROPOSED FOR 1990s
SUSTAINABLE/AFFORDABLE/OPTIMAL
BLENDING OF ECONOMIC AND
ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
Source: HFL/1990
FIGURE 4.23
Role of environment in economic development planning in developing
countries.
“one of the big three.” The protocols now being proposed, to replace Kyoto,
even if totally implemented, seem far “too little too late,” and the cost of
achieving adequate global control will be hugely expensive. It will be very dif-
ficult to get the key countries to agree on a comprehensive plan of corrective
action.
What seems not to be sufficiently recognized is that the timeframe for achiev-
ing sufficient emissions reductions is very short, probably only a few decades,
which further increases the problem of reaching agreement on an effective global
action plan. The basic problem is lack of any definitive proposal so far as to the
specifics on what needs to be done together with the applicable timeframe, task
assignments for each country, and how to finance the costs. Without this, country
leaders do not have a good picture on what their country should do.
