Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Standards and Procedures for Industrial Air Pollution Control
Ambient air quality standards:
These standards for India are shown in
Table 4.1. These differentiate between air quality requirements for industrial
areas, residential areas, and “sensitive” areas. Sensitive areas are intended
to include health resorts, national parks, bio-reserves, sanctuaries, declared
archaeological monuments (e.g., Taj Mahal, Ajanta, Khajuraho) and other
declared sensitive areas. However, industrial and residential areas are often
mixed and overlapping, and because there are large differences between the
limits for the two uses, this often creates a lot of confusion and contro-
versy. Obviously in all such circumstances the more stringent value should
prevail. To utilize relaxed requirements, strict land-use zoning would be
necessary, which is hardly possible in most developing countries, including
India. Also, due to lack of recording/monitoring instrumentation, regular
frequent monitoring, and long-term data collection, annual average values
are used, but these have only limited relevance. Pollution control based on
24-hour values seems to be easily complied with at almost all places for all
pollutants, except for particulates.
•
Emission standards:
Prescribed emission limits for a few selected categories
of industries are given in the report. The limits are essentially based on
what is expected to be achieved by the best available/practical technology
•
TABLE 4.1
Ambient Air Quality Standards (National) In India
Pollutants
Time Weighted
Concentration in Ambient Air
Average
Sensitive
Areas
Industrial
Areas
Residential
Areas
1
2
3
4
5
15 mg/m
3
30 mg/m
3
20 mg/m
3
120 mg/m
3
60 mg/m
3
80 mg/m
3
Sulphur dioxide (SO
2
)
Annual
average
(a)
24 hours
(b)
15 mg/m
3
30 mg/m
3
80 mg/m
3
120 mg/m
3
15 mg/m
3
80 mg/m
3
Oxide of nitrogen as
NO
2
Annual
(a)
24 hours
(b)
70 mg/m
3
100 mg/m
3
360 mg/m
3
500 mg/m
3
140 mg/m
3
200 mg/m
3
Suspended particulate
matter (SPM)
Annual
(a)
24 hours
(b)
50 mg/m
3
75 mg/m
3
120 mg/m
3
150 mg/m
3
60 mg/m
3
100 mg/m
3
Suspended particulate
matter (SPM) size less
than 10m
Annual
(a)
24 hours
(b)
0.50 mg/m
3
0.75 mg/m
3
1.0 mg/m
3
1.5 mg/m
3
0.75 mg/m
3
1.0 mg/m
3
Lead (Pb)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
(a)
∗
Annual arithmetic mean of minimum of 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hours
at uniform interval.
(b)
24 hours/8 hourly values should be met 98 percent of the time in a year. However, 2 percent of
the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.
