Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 2.7
( continued )
Disease
Etiologic Agent
Reservoir
Transmission
Incubation
Period
Control
Tetanus
Clostridium tetani ,
tetanus bacillus
Soil, street dust,
animal feces
containing bacillus
Entrance of tetanus bacillus
in wound, puncture wound,
burn, or minor wound
3daysto3
weeks,
average of
10 days
Immunization with primary
series of three doses of
tetanus toxoid plus
reinforcing dose and booster
every 10 years. Allergic
persons should carry record
of sensitivity. Thorough
cleansing of wounds. Safety
program.
Anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
Cattle, sheep,
goats, horses,
swine, skins and
hides of infected
animals
Contaminated hair, wool,
hides, shaving brushes,
ingestion or contact with
infected meats; inhalation of
spores; flies possibly;
laboratory accidents
(Shaving brushes are under
PHS regulations. Bristles
soaked 4 hours in 10%
7days,
usually less
than 4 days
Isolation and treatment of
suspected animals.
Postmortem examination by
veterinarian of animals
suspected of anthrax and
deep burial of carcass,
blood, and contaminated
soil at a depth of at least 6
feet or incineration. Spores
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