Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 2.1
Life Expectancy at Birth
Period of Year Life Expectancy
Neanderthal (50,000 B.C. - 35,000 B.C.) 29.4 a
Upper Paleolithic (600,000 B.C. - 15,000 B.C.) 32.4 a
Mesolithic 31.5 a
Neolithic Anatolia (12,000 B.C. - 10,000 B.C.) 38.2 a
Bronze Age, Austria 38 a
Greek Classical (700 B.C. - 460 B.C.) 35 a
Roman Classical (700 B.C. - A.D. 200) 32 a
Roman empire (27 B.C. - A.D. 395) 24
1000 32
England (1276) 48 a
England (1376 - 1400) 38 a
1690 33.5
1800 35
1850 40
1870 40
1880 45
1900 47.3 b
1910 50.0 b
1920 54.1 b
1930 59.7 b
1940 62.9 b
1950 68.2 b
1960 69.7 b
1970 70.8 b
1980 73.7 b
1988 74.9 b
1999 76.5 c
2004 77.8 d
Source : J. A. Salvato Jr., “Environmental Health,” in Encyclopedia of Environment Science and
Engineering , E. N. Ziegler and I. R. Pfafflin (Eds.), Gordon Breach Science, London, 1976, p. 286.
Note: The 1981 - 1982 average life expectancy for Japan was 77.0, Sweden 76.1, and Netherlands
and Norway 76.0.
Life expectancy figures after 1690 are for the United States. The average life expectancy for the
world) in 1984 was 61 years and for Africa in 1975 it was 45 years. The world population was
reported by the United Nations as 4 billion in 1975 and projected to 6.25 billion in 2000. The U.S.
Census Bureau in 1986 predicted 6.2 million.
a E. S. Deevy Jr., “The Human Population,” Sci. Am ., 203 , 3 (September 1960): 200.
b Health United States 1989 , U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,
March 1990, p. 106.
c From ref. 12.
d National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Vital
Statistics Report, Deaths: Final Data for 2004 , Vol. 55(9), August 2007.
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