Giving Voice to Silence: A Study of State Violence in Bolzaneto Prison during the Genoa G8 Summit - Conflict and Multimodal Communication: Social Research and Machine Intelligence - page 189

Table 10.1 Strategies of social delegitimization
Strategies of social delegitimization Frequency Total %

Political label
Definitional

136 367 31

Behavioral 69

Environmental 162

Trait characterization
Definitional 267 341 29

Behavioral 8

Environmental 66

Outcasting
Definitional 150 203 17

Behavioral 19

Environmental 34

Group comparison
Definitional 137 174 15

Behavioral 32

Environmental 5

Dehumanization
Definitional 73 98 8

Behavioral 12

Environmental 13

Total 1,183 1,183 100

of delegitimization: one is called definitional , as Bart-Tal's model suggests, and
in addition there are behavioral and environmental delegitimization (Zamperini
and Menegatto 2011 ; Menegatto and Zamperini 2012 ). So for each of the five
processes of extreme categorization in Bar-Tal's conception, we obtained a three-
part delegitimization based on different modes of interaction between police and
demonstrators (Table 10.1 ).

10.5.4.1 Political Label

Definitional

Protesters' narratives show how these linguistic methods register the prisoners as
politically belonging to the left or extreme left. Those stopped are the target of
delegitimization through the frequent use of terms such as communist or anarchist
or describing the political danger in terms of terrorist or black bloc or even as a
representative of a social center like Casarini's son .