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(b)
(a)
(c)
Fig. 12.2.
Projective 2D images of maps on a computer display for: (a) a
2D
visualization; (b) a
weak 3D
visualization; and (c) a stereoscopic
strong 3D
visualization of a map.
On the efficiency of 3D visualizations
Previous research has shown that 3D visualizations of non-realistic
structures do not generally lead to measurable benefits when solving visual
tasks. Also, various different 3D cues contribute to a varying degree to
users' performance when solving visual tasks. The importance of motion
parallax cues (due to object motion or dynamic observer position) has
been demonstrated by Ware et al. [13][15] who compared visualizations of
graphs in 2D and strong 3D. In their experiments, equal user performance
(in terms of speed and accuracy) in 2D and 3D was still achieved for
graphs with a complexity of one order of magnitude bigger in 3D.
Similarly, studies on visualizations of vascular structures by van Schooten
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