Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
3
HydroxyapatiteandOtherBiomedical
Coatings
b
yElectrophoreticDeposition
CharlesC.Sorrell,HariatiTaib,TimothyC.Palmer,
FeiPeng,ZengminXia,andMeiWei
CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 82
Principles of Electrophoresis ....................................................................................................... 84
Double Layer............................................................................................................................. 84
Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek Theory............................................................ 85
Electrophoretic Mobility.......................................................................................................... 87
Zeta Potential ............................................................................................................................ 88
Suspension Stability...................................................................................................................... 91
Suspension Stabilization ......................................................................................................... 91
Initial Assessment of Suspension Stabilization.................................................................... 93
Aqueous Suspensions.............................................................................................................. 95
Organic Suspensions.............................................................................................................. 105
Other Factors Affecting Electrophoretic Deposition .............................................................. 106
Overview ................................................................................................................................. 106
Suspension Parameters.......................................................................................................... 106
Particle Size ........................................................................................................................ 106
Electrical Conductivity of Suspension............................................................................ 106
Dielectric Constant of Medium ....................................................................................... 106
Solids Loading ................................................................................................................... 107
Viscosity of Medium ......................................................................................................... 107
Processing Parameters ........................................................................................................... 107
Applied Voltage and Deposition Time ........................................................................... 107
Electrical Conductivity of Substrate ............................................................................... 108
Surface Area of Substrate ................................................................................................. 108
Electrode Separation ......................................................................................................... 108
Electrophoretic Deposition of Hydroxyapatite....................................................................... 111
Electrophoretic Deposition ................................................................................................... 111
Ceramic-Metal Interface ....................................................................................................... 111
Metallic Substrates ................................................................................................................. 118
Interfacial Stresses and Adhesion ........................................................................................ 119
Hydroxyapatite-Polymer Composite Coatings................................................................. 121
Biomedical Considerations ................................................................................................... 123
Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 126
References..................................................................................................................................... 127
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