Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
7
BioceramicCoatingonTitaniumbyPhysical
and
Chem
icalVaporDeposition
TakashiGoto,TakayukiNarushima,andKyosukeUeda
CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 299
Surface Modification of Metallic Biomaterials ................................................................... 300
PVD and CVD Methods ........................................................................................................ 301
Bioceramic Coating by PVD ...................................................................................................... 305
Sputtering ................................................................................................................................ 305
Ion Beam Deposition.............................................................................................................. 309
Pulsed Laser Deposition........................................................................................................ 309
Bioceramic Coating by CVD...................................................................................................... 310
Thermal CVD .......................................................................................................................... 313
Laser CVD ............................................................................................................................... 315
Performance of Bioceramic Coating Prepared by Vapor Deposition .................................. 317
Bonding Strength.................................................................................................................... 317
Apatite Formation in SBF...................................................................................................... 318
Biological Response ............................................................................................................... 321
Improvement in Wear and Corrosion Resistance .............................................................. 325
Factors Considered in Biomedical Coating on Metallic Biomaterials ............................ 325
Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 328
References..................................................................................................................................... 328
Introduction
Metals, typically titanium (Ti) and its alloys, are reliable for use as biomaterials due to their
strength, ductility, and durability in the human body. However, the tissue compatibility
of such specific metals (metallic biomaterials) is insufficient for biomedical applications.
Since the microstructure and phase of metallic materials are generally well-controlled
by thermomechanical treatment in order to satisfy the mechanical properties required
for biomedical applications, tissue compatibility should be improved while maintaining
the microstructure and mechanical properties of these materials. Surface modification, in
particular bioceramic coating, is a promising way to improve the tissue compatibility of
biomaterials.
In this chapter, the preparation of bioceramic coatings on metallic biomaterials, mainly Ti
and its alloys, by vapor deposition and their properties are discussed. Calcium phosphate
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