Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
5
NanostructuredTitaniaCoatings
forBiologicalApplications:
Fabricatio
nandCharacterization
YunchangXinandPaulK.Chu
CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 203
Titania ........................................................................................................................................... 204
Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Titania Coatings.............................. 205
Fabrication of Titania Nanotube Arrays ............................................................................. 205
Equipment for Anodization ............................................................................................. 205
Background of Titania Nanotubes .................................................................................. 205
Mechanism of Nanotube Array Formation ................................................................... 207
Geometry Control of Titania Nanotube Arrays ............................................................ 210
Structure Characterization of Titania Nanotube Arrays.............................................. 210
Biological Performance and Applications .......................................................................... 214
Cell Response to Titania Nanotubes ............................................................................... 214
Bioactivity/Bone Conductivity ....................................................................................... 215
Drug Delivery .................................................................................................................... 216
Fabrication of Nanoporous Titania Coatings .................................................................... 220
Fabrication of Interconnected Porous Coating.............................................................. 220
Nanonetworked Titania Coatings ................................................................................... 222
Fabrication of Compact Nanocrystalline Titania Coatings .............................................. 224
Plasma Spraying ................................................................................................................ 224
Sol-Gel Processing ............................................................................................................ 226
Physical Vapor Deposition ............................................................................................... 228
Chemical Vapor Deposition ............................................................................................. 229
Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 231
References..................................................................................................................................... 232
Introduction
Since the interactions between artificial biomaterial and biological tissues occur mainly at
their interface, the surface properties of biomaterials such as topography, roughness, chem-
istry, and physical characteristics exert a large influence on their biological response. On the
other hand, nanomaterials can mimic the surface properties (including topography, energy,
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