Hydroxyapatite and Other Biomedical Coatings by Electrophoretic Deposition - Biological and Biomedical Coatings: Processing and Characterization - page 125

The surface bioactivity of CNT- or MWNT-reinforced HAp coatings also has been
studied in vitro. The addition of CNTs increased the hardness of the HAp coating with-
out compromising the biocompatibility. Apatite could grow on CNT-HAp coatings after
immersion in Hanks' solution for 4 weeks, indicating superior bioactivity of the coating
[134]. In vitro cell culture studies also were conducted on MWNT-HAp composite coat-
ings using osteoblast-like MG63 cells. This work demonstrated that MG63 cells attach and
grow well on the composite coating surface [136]. The cells exhibited high affinity for the
coating. A porous HAp coating with a uniform and interconnected pore structure was
fabricated using electrophoresis by repeated deposition [113]. It was reported that the coat-
ing scaffold provided good support for human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) cell seeding and
anchoring, maintaining cell viability.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Anterior Posterior

FIGURE 3.17
Three-dimensional micro-CT reconstructions of mouse calvariae and implants (solid grey shading) retrieved 21
days after implantation: (a) control Ti (no new bone formation), (b) HAp (no new bone formation), (c) ng/rhBMP-2
(new bone stimulated), (d) HAp + ng/rhBMP-2 (nearly complete coverage). (Reproduced by courtesy of Bone .)