Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Transmission Structures
—Structures used to transmit high voltage elec-
tricity (69 kV and above)
Ultimate Load
—A maximum design load that includes the appropriate
overload capacity factors and any additional factor of safety specifi ed
Ultimate Moment Capacity
—The resisting strength of a member, also
referred to as
Mn, or the nominal strength multiplied by the capacity
reduction factor
φ
φ
User
—The person responsible for the acquisition of concrete pole
structures
Zero Tension
—The load at which a crack, having previously opened by
exceeding the tensile stress, will reopen (also known as the decompres-
sion load or the repeated cracking load)