Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
is characterized by an increase of the specific activity (enzyme
activity per weight unit of protein). A selection of marker enzymes
is given in Table 5.5. It should be noted that these enzymes do not
occur in all species and organelles to the same extent, and that
their specific activities may differ. Different specialization of parts
of a cellular membrane causes uneven distribution of a marker
within the membrane, too.
References
Graham JM (1993) The identification of subcellular fractions from mam-
malian cells. In: Graham J, Higgins J (eds.) Meth Molec Biol, vol. 19.
Biomembrane protocols. I. Isolation and analysis. Humana Press, To-
towa, N.J., p 1
Table 5.5.
Selected marker enzymes for cell fractionation
Cellular component
Marker enzyme
E.C. number
Nucleus
NAD pyrophosphorylase
2.7.7.1
(DNA)
Chloroplast
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
4.1.1.39
carboxylase
(Chlorophyll)
Mitochondrium
Inner membrane
Cytochrome-c oxidase
1.9.3.1
Succinic (Fumarate)
1.3.99.1
dehydrogenase
Outer membrane
Monoamine oxydase A and B
1.4.3.4
(Cytochrome b5)
Matrix
Glutamate dehydrogenase
1.4.1.2
l-Malate:NAD
+
oxidoreductase
1.1.1.37
(m-isoenzyme)
Lysosome
Acidic phosphatase
3.1.3.2
β
-Galactosidase
3.2.1.23
Aryl sulfatase
3.1.6.1
Peroxysome
Catalase
1.11.1.6
Rough endoplasmic
d-Glucose-6-phosphatase
3.1.3.9
reticulum
(Ribosome)
(microsomes)
NADH-cytochrome c reductase
1.6.99.3
Golgi apparatus
Galactosyl transferase
2.4.1.22
α
-Mannosidase II
3.2.1.114
5
-Nucleosidase
Plasma membrane
3.1.3.5
Alkaline phosphatase
3.1.3.1
Alkaline phosphodiesterase I
3.1.4.1
Oubain-sensitive Na,K-ATPase
3.6.3.9
Cytosol
l-Lactic dehydrogenase
1.1.1.27
