Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 13.1.
Common and troublesome species in potato in the USA, by state with significant potato
hectarage. (Adapted from Bridges, 1992.)
State
Common
Troublesome
Colorado
Common sunflower
Common sunflower
Connecticut
Large crabgrass
Barnyardgrass
Delaware
Fall panicum
Brassica
spp.
Florida
Pennsylvania smartweed
Polygonum
spp.
Idaho
Barnyardgrass
Yellow nutsedge
Illinois
Redroot pigweed
Quackgrass
Louisiana
Amaranthus
spp.
Amaranthus
spp.
Massachusetts
Common lambsquarters
Common ragweed
Maryland
Eastern black nightshade
Velvetleaf
Maine
Brassica
spp.
Quackgrass
Michigan
Barnyardgrass
Barnyardgrass
Minnesota
Green foxtail
Common ragweed
Montana
Canada thistle
Common sunflower
North Carolina
Common lambsquarters
Cyperus
spp.
North Dakota
Setaria
spp.
Redroot pigweed
Nebraska
Redroot pigweed
Redroot pigweed
New Jersey
Barnyardgrass
Calystegia
spp.
New Mexico
Amaranthus
spp.
Solanum
spp.
Nevada
Fivehook bassia
Solanum
spp.
New York
Redroot pigweed
Quackgrass
Ohio
Amaranthus
spp.
Amaranthus
spp.
Oregon
Hairy nightshade
Hairy nightshade
Pennsylvania
Common ragweed
Canada thistle
Rhode Island
Quackgrass
Barnyardgrass
South Dakota
Green foxtail
Canada thistle
Tennessee
Ipomoea
spp.
Ipomoea
spp.
Tex a s
Redroot pigweed
Johnsongrass
Utah
Redroot pigweed
Hairy nightshade
Washington
Common lambsquarters
Quackgrass
Notes
: Barnyardgrass,
Echinochloa crus-galli
(L.) Beauv.; Canada thistle,
Cirsium arvense
(L.) Scop.; common
lambsquarters,
Chenopodium album
L.; quackgrass,
Elymus repens
(L.) Gould; common ragweed,
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
L.;
common sunflower,
Helianthus annuus
L.; eastern black nightshade,
Solanum ptychanthum
Dunal; fall panicum,
Panicum dichotomiflorum
Michx.; fivehook bassia,
Bassia hyssopifolia
(Pallas) Kuntze; green foxtail,
Setaria viridis
(L.)
Beauv.; hairy nightshade,
Solanum physalifolium
Rusby; large crabgrass,
Digitaria sanguinalis
(L.) Scop.; Pennsylvania
smartweed,
Polygonum pensylvanicum
L.; redroot pigweed,
Amaranthus retroflexus
L.; velvetleaf,
Abutilon theophrasti
Medik.; johnsongrass,
Sorghum halepense
(L.) Pers.
be tactical decisions, often made over a short
period of time.
Growers would be well served to consider
the long-term impacts of each input as import-
ant components of a holistic weed management
system; for example, utilizing crop rotation as a
critical component of integrated weed manage-
ment by planting crops ahead of potato where
effective herbicide options control nightshade spe-
cies, yellow nutsedge, and quackgrass exist. The
reduction of weed populations in preceding crops
reduces early-season weed pressure, and the over-
all weed management inputs in the potato crop.
Therefore, we will consider weed management
strategically when practiced as a system, and then
consider tactical inputs like herbicide applications.
Weed seedbank management
Persistent seedbanks remain one of the most im-
portant factors for the success of annual weeds
by dispersing a weed population through time
(Harper, 1977; Cavers and Benoit, 1989). Seed-
banks decline over time due to a lack of add-
itional inputs of new seeds. The rate of decline is
