Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
the observed spatial structure of surface air temperature and precipitation well.
However, RegCM3 is a hydrostatic model so far, which limits the further increase of
its resolution beyond *10 km (Wu et al.
2012
). Wu and Fu (
2013
) used a linear
fitting method to estimate the change of precipitation intensity spectra at different
spatial scales in China. Qu et al. (
2013
) used WRF to explore the impacts of land
cover change on the near-surface temperature in a research in Northern China Plain.
They tested and verified the ability of WRF to simulate the near-surface temperature
in the study area. Notably, LUCC dynamic model and LUCC reclassification were
also applied to form a good systematic modeling of LUCC. Coupled with WRF
Model, land use impact on climate was well simulated in this study.
Based on the compiled climate model, climate change influence on ecosystem
indicators could be further explored. Zhang et al. (
2013a
,
b
) first reported the
climate impact on grassland. Their study took a macro and mesoscale analysis of
the possible changing trends of net primary productivity (NPP) of local grasslands
under four RCPs scenarios. The results showed that grassland productivity will be
greatly affected by the fluctuations of precipitation and temperature.
With the above-mentioned studies, LUCC and future climatic scenarios simu-
lation in particular areas were conducted. Simulation of LUCC and its climatic
effects were integrated through linking the functions of the newly developed
models with those of the existing models.
Further, studies related to land use changes associated with climate variations
were promoted with the advances in research methods. Deng et al. (
2013c
) con-
ducted a revisit to the impact of land use changes on human well-being through
altering the ecosystem provisioning services. LUCC and climate change exert
tremendous influence on ecosystem provisioning services in agriculture, forest
and/or grassland ecosystem. In order to tackle the ecosystem provisioning services
problems, measures were taken, which increased the input and reduced the out-
come, at the same time augmented the health risk, and harming human well-being.
Recently, satellite meteorology products and applications get more and more
attention. However, it cannot replace surface measurements. For example, satellite
data in the form of GCM needs observed data for model validation and improves
the quality of statistical and scientific significances in research methods. Therefore,
increasing emphasis should be given to integrate observed and simulated datasets
for improving understanding about land use impacts on surface climate.
8.4 Summary
This chapter reviewed the progress of the studies on observing and estimating the
impact of land use change on surface climate from the perspective of improved
models, enhanced data, and widely expanded applications. The major findings
include: The reclassification of time series land cover data can meet the accuracy
requirement of climate simulation and can be used as the parameters of dynamical
downscaling in regional climate simulation, which enhanced the data processing
