Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 7.14 The top panels show the yearly-averaged deviations of surface temperature (top-left) and
precipitation (top-right) in the year 2100 (deforestation minus control). The surface temperature is
contoured at a 0.2 C interval, and the precipitation is contoured at a 5 mm interval. The down
panels are zonally averaged surface temperature and precipitation differences (deforestation minus
control). Green line indicates the north region between 28N and 28S of the Brazilian Amazon, red
line is the central region between 2 and 8 8S, and blue line is the south region between 8 and 12 8S,
the dash lines are averages of zonally surface temperature and precipitation
that of central region has a less increment of 0.0272 C, as compared to that of
south region with a similar growth by 0.0274 C. For the precipitation, those of the
central region and the southern region fluctuate more strongly than that of the
northern region. The zonally annual average precipitation in northern region and
central region will decrease by 0.433 and 0.147 mm, respectively, while it will
slightly increase by 0.09 mm in the south region.
Variability of climate is also calculated on each land cover type according to
the model results in 2100 with the resolution of 30 km 9 30 km (Fig.
7.15
). The
statistical analysis indicates that the average precipitation and latent heat flux in
the evergreen broadleaf forest area will experience a decrease of 0.15 mm and
0.40 W/m
2
, respectively, while the temperature will increase by 0.02 C. Since
forests are converted into pasture and woodland, the corresponding climatic
conditions in pasture will have a significant reduction of precipitation and latent
heat flux, and increase of surface temperature. Unexpectedly, though the latent
heat flux of cropland will drop at a significant level, the precipitation will grow to
