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and HMPAE, indicated that only two hydroxymethyl groups were reacted with EC
to form glycidyl derivatives.
a) Epoxy binder of HMPA
b) Epoxy binder of HAPA
Scheme 2.6
Epoxy binder of rosin acid adducts
2.4.2 Characterisation of Glycidyl Ethers and Esters of Condensed Rosin
Formaldehyde Derivatives
Atta and co-workers [37] prepared epoxy binders from methyloyl derivatives of rosin
acid as described in the previous section. The hydroxyl content data and carboxylic
values listed in
Table 2.5
, indicate the formation of multifunctional resins. The results
of the characterisation of the glycidyl ether and ester derivatives of condensed epoxy
resins indicate that all resins produced exhibit have high glycol values and hydroxyl
values, which are attributable to the hydrolysis of epoxy groups in the aqueous phase.
It was also noted that AbA/FA
3
E, condensed products of abietic acid with 3 mols of
formaldehyde, have lower viscosities than other glycidyl epoxy ethers. This indicates
