Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 14.6
Key Biopharmaceutical Products
Product
End use
Hormones and peptide factors
Human insulin
Diabetes
Factor VIII-C
Hemophilia
Human growth hormone
Growth deficiency
Erythropoietin
Anemia, chronic renal failure
Interferon-alpha 2a
Hairy cell leukemia, AIDS-related cancer
Interferon-alpha 2b
Hairy cell leukemia, Herpes
Interferon-beta
Cancer
Interferon-gamma
Cancer, venereal warts, infectious disease
Interleukin-2
Cancer immunotherapy, AIDS
Muromonab-CD3
Acute kidney transplant rejection
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)
Chemotherapy effects, AIDS
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating
factor (GM-CSF)
Autologous bone marrow transplant
Enzymes
Tissue plasminogen activator
Pro-urokinase/urokinase
DNase
Glucocerebrosidase
Acute myocardial infarction, stroke
Heart attack
Pulmonary treatment
Gaucher
Vaccines
Hepatitis B
Herpes
Hepatitis B vaccine
Herpes
Monoclonal antibodies
Wide range of different antibodies for diagnostics
Prevention of blood clots
Breast cancer
Lung cancer
patients or other side effects can be disastrous. Large molecules are extremely difficult to
identify. Minor difference in structural form or functional groups can result in significantly
different properties. Therefore, the authenticity of the product is often critical. Correct or
near correct posttranslational processing of the protein (e.g. glycosylation or phosphoryla-
tion) is sometimes essential to its therapeutic action. Any variant forms of the protein
(e.g. the modification of side groups on amino acids) are highly undesirable and present
very difficult purification problems.
The processing challenges in making therapeutic proteins are to ensure product quality
and safety. Structural differences, for example folding, can be effected by different process
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