Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Some pentoses are shown below in ring structure:
HO
HO
OH
OH
O
O
O
OH
OH
OH
HO
OH
OH
OH
OH
β
-
D
-xylose (or xylopyranose)
β
-
D
-xylofuranose
α
-
D
-xylofuranose
HO
HO
OH
O
OH
O
O
OH
HO
OH
OH
HO
OH
OH
OH
α-
L
-arabinopyranose
α-
D
-arabinofuranose
α-
L
-arabinofuranose
HO
OH
5
O
O
OH
4
1
O
HO
2
OH
3
OH
HO
OH
OH
OH
HO
α-
D
-lyxose
OH
-
D
-ribofuranose
-
L
-arabinofuranose
β
β
c.
D
-tetroses
Tetroses are four carbon sugars, there are two common in nature. These sugars all have
a stoichiometry of C
4
H
8
O
4
. They are shown below in linear form (left) and ring form (right):
O
O
CHO
HCOH
CHO
HO
HOCH
OH
OH
HCOH
HCOH
OH
OH
OH
CH
2
OH
CH
2
OH
α
-
D
-threose
α
-
D
-erythrose
D
-erythrose
D
-threose
d.
D
-trioses
Trioses are three carbon sugars and they have a stoichiometry of C
3
H
6
O
3
. The common one
in nature is
D
-glyceraldehyde as shown below:
CHO
HCOH
CH
2
OH
D-glyceraldehyde
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