Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
pure oxygen and operation under high atmospheric pressure (2
e
3 atm). Oxygen transfer has
a big impact on reactor design.
The maximum or saturation oxygen concentration is a function of temperature, oxygen
pressure, as well as medium compositions. Electrolytes have a strong effect on oxygen solu-
bility and transport. Quicker et al. (G. Quicker, A. Schumpe, B. K
¨
nig and W.-D. Deckwer.
1981. Comparison of measured and calculated oxygen solubility in fermentation media. Bio-
technol. Bioeng., 23: 635
e
650) gave a simple correlation between the saturation oxygen
concentration (C*) and medium ionic and nonionic solute concentration:
Ionic
species
nonionic
species
X
X
log
C
0
1
2
H
j
Z
2
C
¼
j
C
j
þ
H
j
C
j
(11.48)
j¼
1
j¼
1
where
C
0
is the oxygen saturation concentration in pure water (
Table 11.3
), C* is the oxygen
saturation concentration in the medium, H
j
is the oxygen solubility interaction constants
(
Table 11.4
), Z
j
is the ionic charge of ionic species j, and C
j
is the concentration of species j
in the fermentation medium.
TABLE 11.3
Solubility of Oxygen in Pure Water
Oxygen solubility in pure water when
contacting with air at 1 atm, kg $ m
L3
Henry's law constant,
atm-O
2
m
3
Density of
water, kg/m
3
$ kg
L1
Temperature,
C
10
2
0
1.46
14.4
999.839
10
2
5
1.28
16.4
999.964
10
2
10
1.14
18.4
999.699
10
2
15
1.02
20.5
999.099
10
2
20
0.929
22.6
998.204
10
2
25
0.849
24.7
997.045
10
2
30
0.782
26.9
995.647
10
2
35
0.731
28.7
994.032
10
2
40
0.692
30.4
992.215
10
2
45
0.656
32.0
990.213
10
2
50
0.627
33.5
988.037
10
2
60
0.583
36.0
983.200
10
2
70
0.550
38.2
977.771
10
2
80
0.528
39.8
971.799
10
2
90
0.515
40.8
965.321
10
2
100
0.510
41.2
958.365
Source: Calculated from International Critical Tables, 1928, vol. III, p. 257. McGraw-Hill: New York.
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