Chemical Reactions on Solid Surfaces - Bioprocess Engineering: Kinetics, Biosystems, Sustainability and Reactor Design - page 391

CHAPTER
9

Chemical Reactions on Sol id Surfaces

OUTLINE

9.1. Adsorption and Desorption 394 9.2. LHHW: Surface Reactions with

Rate-Controlling Steps 9.1.1. Ideal Surfaces 395 431

9.1.2. Idealization of Nonideal
Surfaces

9.3. Chemical Reactions on Nonideal
Surfaces based on Distribution of
Interaction Energy

400

9.1.2.1. ExLan Isotherm 401

448

9.1.2.2. UniLan Isotherm 406

9.1.3. Common Empirical Isotherms 408 9.4. Chemical Reactions on Nonideal

Surfaces with Multilayer
Approximation

9.1.4. Adsorption at High Surface
Coverage 412 453

9.1.4.1. Chemisorption,
Physisorption and the
BET Theory

9.5. Kinetics of Reactions on Surfaces
Where the Solid Is Either a
Product or Reactant

415

454

9.1.4.2. Multilayer Adsorption
of Single Species

417 9.6. Decline of Surface Activity:

Catalyst Deactivation 9.1.4.3. BET Isotherm and

Physisorption

460

420

9.7. Summary 461

9.1.4.4. Multispecies Multilayer
Adsorption Isotherms 427 Problems 467

9.1.5. Pore Size and Surface
Characterization 430

In Chapter 8, we have learned that enzyme can be employed such that a specific product
can be produced from a given substrate. In the process, enzyme is not consumed. This is
commonly seen in making wine, cheese, and bread: small amount of the previous batch is
added to make a new batch (in practice for more than 2000 years).
In 1835, Berzelius realized that the small amounts of a foreign substance could greatly
affect the course of chemical reactions. Later in 1894, Ostwald formally states that catalysts