Ideal Flow Reactors - Bioprocess Engineering: Kinetics, Biosystems, Sustainability and Reactor Design - page 177

CHAPTER
5

I deal Flow Reacto rs

OUTLINE

5.1. Flow Rate, Residence Time,
Space Time, Space Velocity,
Dilution Rate

5.8. PFR or CSTR? 226

5.9. Steady Nonisothermal
Flow Reactors

178

230

5.2. Plug Flow Reactor 180

5.10. Reactive Extraction 237

5.3. Gasification and Fischere
Tropsch Technology

5.11. Graphic Solutions using Batch
Concentration Data

189

239

5.4. Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor
(CSTR) and Chemostat

5.11.1. Solution of a PFR using
Batch Concentration Data 194 239

5.11.2. Solution of a CSTR using
Batch Concentration Data

5.5. Multiple Reactors 206

241

5.6. Recycle Reactors 211

5.12. Summary 242

5.7. Distributed Feed and Withdraw 215

Problems 245

5.7.1. Distributed Feed 215

5.7.2. Reactive Distillation 222

5.7.3. Membrane Reactor 224

In this chapter, we deal with the fundamentals of reaction in continuous flow reactors. For
simplicity, we shall focus on the ideal isothermal reactors. Most industrial reactors are operated
in a continuous mode instead of batch because continuous reactors produce more products
with smaller equipment, require less labor and maintenance, and frequently produce better
quality control. Continuous processes are more difficult to start and stop than batch reactors,
but they make product without stopping to change batches and they require minimum labor.
Batch processes can be tailored to produce small amounts of product when needed. Batch
processes are also ideal to measure rates and kinetics in order to design continuous processes:
Here one only wants to obtain information rapidly without generating too much product that
must be disposed of. In pharmaceuticals, batch processes are sometimes desired to assure