Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
21 CFR 820.3(k). Similarly, critics of the ADDIE model
occasionally refer to the implementation phase as the
“Instruct” phase of the model. See Jack Gordon and
Ron Zemke (2000).
2. See Michael Scriven (1996).
3. On the complexity of the Implementation phase,
see James Mosley and Nancy Hastings (2000).
Irene Visscher-Voerman and Kent Gustafson
(2004) distinguish “implementation anticipation”
(what is usually called Pilot Implementation) and
“implementation” proper.
4. See Marge Gillis and Katherine Beauchemin (2000); see
also David Gallup, K. Beauchemin, and M. Gillis (1999)
on “Implementation.” See J. Lynne Brown and N.
Kiernan (2001); and J. Lynne Brown and N. Kiernan
(1998).
5. See Douglas Watson
et al.
(2001); also P. Lendren
et al.
(2001).
6. On program logic and the Logical Framework Approach
(Logframe) to training program design, see Des Gasper
(1999); also H. Eggers (1998).
7. See Jakob Nielsen (1994); also J. Nielsen (1999).
8. See Donald Ely (1990) and Donald Ely (1999); see also
David Ensminger
et al.
(2004) and Barry Porter (2005).
9. See Carol Weiss (1993).
10. See Beth Gamse
et al.
(2002).
11. See Robert Godfrey (1973).
12. Gamse
et al.
(op cit) give the example of an educational
intervention which intended to compare two methods
of training school personnel: some were trained by
university staff, while others were trained by utilizing a
videotape series developed by the same university. The
evaluators soon discovered that few schools had ordered
the videotapes, and those that did, were not using them
