Ecosystem Services: Lessons From the Past for a Sustainable Future - Biodiversity Conservation and Environmental Change - page 138

Leach 2009). Learning from traditional management techniques and re-invigorating local
resource management practices also has the potential to strengthen biodiversity conserva-
tion and the resilience ecosystem services, while contributing to fair governance (Berkes
et al. 2000, Hammi et al. 2010, Fischer et al. 2012, von Wehrden et al. 2014, Virah-Sawmy et al.
2014). At the same time, the spiritual and aesthetic benefits of cultural ecosystem services
nurture human well-being through re-engagement with nature and landscapes, thereby fos-
tering social cohesion, local identity and a sense of place (see Chapter 7) (Antrop 2005, de
Groot et al. 2005).

Box 6.1 Towards sustainable ecosystem services in the Anthropocene

Conservation challenge : Manage ecosystem ser-
vices in the context of the historic range of variabil-
ity of the ecosystem and projected future scenarios.
Learn from past and present examples of sustain-
able ecosystem management.

Embed palaeoecological data in multidisciplinary
studies that integrate natural and social science,
alongside traditional knowledge. Contribute to mul-
tidisciplinary studies of complex socioecological sys-
tems using bridging concepts like sustainability and
ecosystem services. Connect the past-present-fu-
ture continuum in order to contribute to developing
viable restoration and management targets.

Palaeoecological challenge : Interpret palaeo-
proxies in terms of changes in ecosystem services.