From Fractal Urban Pattern Analysis to Fractal Urban Planning Concepts - Computational Approaches for Urban Environments - page 41

Fig. 2.15 A Fractalopolis simulation for the Lyon metropolitan area. ( a ) Shows the chosen
development area and ( b - d ) the following iteration steps, where the squares are placed by
respecting already existing urban centers but also the fractal restrictive rules (cf. text). The colors
indicate if the population contained in the square shows a deficit or a surplus of population with
respect to the underlying model

created, the distance to these centers is crucial and limits sprawl; however, until
now no precise limiting distance has been introduced. For metropolitan areas,
level 3 will be split into two subclasses.

￿ Level 2 (weekly use of places such as markets, automobile repair shops, gas

stations, cafés, hypermarkets, family doctors, etc.). Since the literature provides
sparse information about distances to these services, the maximum distance
within the given area is identified for each type of service which is used to define
the range of distances accepted for that type of amenity.